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Maerua angolensis
''Maerua angolensis'' DC is a 10m tall, occasionally deciduous tree of the Capparaceae or caper family, often growing on termitaria and in thickets fringing seasonal watercourses, up to 1800m. Though never common, it is widespread in tropical Africa and arid regions, being absent from high-rainfall regions. It is found in Togo, Sudan, Eritrea, Senegal, Tanzania, Uganda, Chad, Ghana, Mali, Mauritania, Cameroon, Kenya, Burundi, Rwanda, Niger, Nigeria, The Gambia, Burkina Faso extending southwards into Angola, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Caprivi Strip, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland and Mozambique.〔http://plants.jstor.org/upwta/1_646〕〔''"The Indigenous Trees of Southern Africa"'' - F. von Breitenbach (1965)〕〔http://www.prota4u.org/protav8.asp?p=Maerua+angolensis〕 The genus comprises some 57 species, mostly in tropical Africa, but also extending into the Middle East and tropical Asia.
The tree has a rounded crown and smooth grey bark flaking to reveal yellowish-orange patches. As with most species in the family the twigs and branches display prominent lenticels. Leaves are soft and drooping, with petioles equal to the leaves in length, and visibly thicker or inspissate at their extremities. Leaves are alternate and broadly elliptic to ovate, with rounded or notched apex and a terminal bristle (mucronate). Leaf surfaces are often noticeably scratched by their rubbing against the bristles of surrounding leaves.
The species is variable as regards pubescence, ranging from entirely glabrous to pubescent on stems and leaves. The fragrant, pincushion-like flowers are without petals and are produced in abundance at the beginning of the rainy season. Filaments are numerous (c.50) and long, initially pale yellow then turning darker with age. The 4 calyx segments recurve on opening, and the base is fringed with hairs. The distinctive torulose fruit is a silique and resembles a string of beads some 150mm in length. A slender, taller version of this species growing in the Socotra archipelago, Somalia, Ethiopia and Yemen has been named ''Maerua angolensis subsp. socotrana'' (Schweinf. ex Balf. f.) Kers. ''M. angolensis'' is similar to ''M. schinzii'' Pax. from Namibia, which has thicker, almost fleshy leaves and other relatively trivial differences.〔http://apps.kew.org/efloras/namedetail.do?flora=fz&taxon=449&nameid=1305〕 The wood of this species is whitish-yellow, hard, dense and fine-grained, with a tendency to separate into concentric shells along the annual rings.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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